Linguistic plurality is a cornerstone of modern Canadian identity, but the history of language in Canada is not a simple story. Today, English and French enjoy equal status in Canada, although this has not always been the case. The 50th anniversary of Canada’s Official Languages Act(OLA) represents an opportunity to learn about the history that led to the Act, and its subsequent legacy.

Languages have long been a way for minority communities to hold onto cultural heritage, ancestral memories, and unique knowledge and traditions. Language has been used historically by Indigenous peoples and French-Canadian communities (and other diverse language communities) to resist a determined English-speaking Canadian society pushing to create a homogeneous British-Canadian national state. This history of resistance has helped define our social and political climate.